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Gray Iron
Gray iron is the original and most common cast iron, so named because of its fracture surface which is typically dark gray in colour. Due to its high carbon content, it has ‘flake graphite’ in its structure. The formation of the flakes or nodules of graphite can be suppressed in part by rapid cooling.
Gray Iron Specifications | ||
Specifications | Typical Properties | |
Tensile Strength Mpa(Ksi) | BHN Hardness | |
ASTM A-48 | ||
CL 25 | 185(27) | 170 |
CL 30 | 225(33) | 175 |
CL 40 | 295(43) | 180 |
ASTM A-319 | ||
CL I TYPE A | 185(27) | 175 |
CL I TYPE B | 200(29) | 180 |
CL II TYPE C | 290(42) | 190 |
ASTM A-278 | ||
CL 25 | 185(27) | 170 |
CL 30 | 225(33) | 175 |
CL 40 | 295(43) | 180 |
Ductile Iron
Ductile iron was first patented in 1949 after foundrymen searched for the ideal cast iron, which was easy to cast like gray cast iron, but had properties equal to or better than malleable iron. Ductile irons are in fact a family of cast irons characterized by spherical graphite nodules in the structure. These form as a result of the addition of spheroidizers to the cast iron composition.
Ductile Iron Specifications | ||||
Specifications | Typical Properties | |||
Tensile Strength Mpa(Ksi) |
Proportional Limit Mpa(Ksi) |
Elongation % | Hardness BHN |
|
ASTM A-536 | ||||
GR 60-40-18 | 430(62) | 290(42) | 20 | 170 |
GR 65-45-12 | 460(67) | 325(47) | 14 | 180 |
GR 80-55-06 | 575(83) | 400(58) | 7 | 190 |
ASTM A-395 | 430(62) | 290(42) | 20 | 170 |
ASTM A-476 | 575(83) | 400(58) | 7 | 190 |
DIN EN 1563 | ||||
EN-GJS-400-18-LT | 420(61) | 270(39) | 20 | 170 |
EN-GJS-400-15 | 430(62) | 290(42) | 17 | 170 |
EN-GJS-500-7 | 520(75) | 340(49) | 8 | 190 |
EN-GJS-500-3 | 620(90) | 400(58) | 4 | 200 |